Free Printable Worksheets for learning Respiratory system at the College level

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Respiratory System

The respiratory system is the set of organs and tissues that help an organism to breathe. It includes the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

Key Concepts

Breathing

Breathing is the process of inhaling and exhaling air. It is necessary to supply the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide.

Gas Exchange

Gas exchange is the process by which oxygen is taken in from the air and supplied to the body's cells, while carbon dioxide is expelled.

Anatomy of the Respiratory System

The respiratory system consists of the upper and lower respiratory tracts. The upper respiratory tract includes the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx, while the lower respiratory tract includes the trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

Respiratory System Function

The main function of the respiratory system is to facilitate the exchange of gases between the body and the environment.

Key Definitions

  • Alveoli: Tiny air sacs within the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

  • Bronchi: Two large tubes branching from the trachea that lead into the lungs.

  • Trachea: A tube that runs from the larynx to the bronchi.

  • Larynx: Also known as the voice box, this organ helps to produce sound and protects the trachea.

  • Pharynx: A muscular tube that runs from the back of the nasal cavity to the esophagus.

Important Information

  • Smoking damages the respiratory system and can cause lung cancer and other respiratory diseases.

  • Air pollution can also harm the respiratory system and lead to respiratory diseases.

  • Respiratory infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and the flu can be prevented by practicing good hygiene and getting vaccinated.

  • Exercise can improve respiratory function and overall health.

Summary

The respiratory system is responsible for breathing and gas exchange in the body. It is made up of the upper and lower respiratory tracts and includes organs such as the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Smoking and air pollution can harm the respiratory system, while exercise can improve respiratory function. Practicing good hygiene and getting vaccinated can prevent respiratory infections.

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Word Definition
Lungs The organs in the chest responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide.
Trachea The tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi, allowing air to pass in and out of the lungs.
Bronchi The two tubes that branch off the trachea and leading into each lung, eventually dividing into smaller bronchioles.
Alveoli The small air sacs at the end of each bronchiole where gas exchange occurs between air and blood.
Diaphragm A large muscle that separates the chest and abdominal cavities and plays a crucial role in breathing.
Pulmonary Relating to the lungs or the respiratory system.
Respiration The process of taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide.
Oxygen A gas necessary for respiration that is taken in through the lungs and transported throughout the body.
Carbon dioxide A waste gas produced by cells that is expelled through the lungs during respiration.
Bronchioles The small tubes that branch off the bronchi and lead to the alveoli.
Exhale To breathe out air from the lungs.
Inhalation The act of breathing in air through the nose or mouth.
Ventilate To provide fresh air to an enclosed space, such as a room, car, or building.
Nasal passages The channels that air passes through when breathing in through the nose.
Cilia Hair-like structures that line the respiratory tract and help trap particles and microbes.
Pharynx The part of the throat that connects the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx and esophagus.
Sinus A hollow cavity within a bone or other tissue, usually filled with air, that is connected to the nasal passages.
Pneumonia An lung infection that causes inflammation and fluid buildup in the alveoli, making it difficult to breathe.
Asthma A chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making breathing difficult.
Bronchitis A respiratory infection that causes inflammation of the bronchi, leading to coughing and difficulty breathing.

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Respiratory System Study Guide

The respiratory system is a crucial system in the human body that facilitates breathing by ensuring that oxygen is taken in while carbon dioxide is eliminated.

Anatomy of Respiratory System

The respiratory system is composed of the following organs and structures:

Upper Respiratory Tract

  • Nose
  • Nasal cavity
  • Sinuses
  • Pharynx
  • Epiglottis

Lower Respiratory Tract

  • Larynx
  • Trachea
  • Bronchi
  • Bronchioles
  • Alveoli

Process of Respiration

The process of respiration involves the following steps:

  1. Pulmonary Ventilation: This refers to the inhaling and exhaling of air. During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downwards, while the thoracic cavity expands. This creates a low-pressure area, leading to the entry of air into the lungs.

  2. External Respiration: This is the exchange of gases between the air and blood through the alveoli. Oxygen diffuses into the blood, while carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood.

  3. Transport: Oxygen is transported in the blood through hemoglobin while carbon dioxide is transported in the blood as bicarbonate ions.

  4. Internal Respiration: This is the exchange of gases between the blood and tissues. Oxygen diffuses out of the blood, while carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood.

  5. Cellular Respiration: This is the process by which cells use oxygen and produce carbon dioxide during cellular metabolism.

Respiratory Disorders

The respiratory system can be affected by several disorders, including the following:

  • Asthma
  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
  • Pneumonia
  • Tuberculosis
  • Lung cancer
  • Pulmonary embolism

Conclusion

Understanding the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system is crucial as it enables one to comprehend the functioning of this system fully. Additionally, knowledge of respiratory disorders and processes of respiration is essential in diagnosing, treating, and preventing respiratory complications.

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Respiratory System Practice Sheet

  1. What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
  2. Name the organs that make up the respiratory system.
  3. Explain the process of respiration.
  4. What are the three types of cells in the respiratory system and what are their functions?
  5. What is the larynx and what is its function?
  6. What is the trachea and what is its function?
  7. What is the difference between the bronchi and bronchioles?
  8. Explain the process of gas exchange in the alveoli.
  9. What is the role of the diaphragm in respiration?
  10. How does smoking affect the respiratory system?

Remember to review your class notes and textbook before answering these questions. Good luck!

Respiratory System Practice Sheet

Sample Problem:

The trachea is a tube that connects the larynx to the ___________.

Step by Step Solution:

  1. Identify the question: The question is asking us to identify the structure that the trachea connects to.

  2. Gather relevant information: The trachea is a tube that connects the larynx, which is the voice box, to the lungs.

  3. Analyze the information: The trachea connects the larynx to the lungs.

  4. Form a conclusion: The trachea connects the larynx to the lungs.

  1. What are the two main functions of the respiratory system?

  2. What is the purpose of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?

  3. What is the difference between the primary and secondary bronchi?

  4. What are the three types of airways in the respiratory system?

  5. What is the difference between inspiratory and expiratory muscles?

  6. What is the purpose of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

  7. What is the purpose of the mucus in the respiratory system?

  8. What is the purpose of the cilia in the respiratory system?

  9. What is the difference between the upper and lower respiratory system?

  10. What is the difference between the bronchioles and bronchi?

Respiratory System Practice Sheet

1. What are the three basic components of the respiratory system?

A: The three basic components of the respiratory system are the airways, the lungs, and the muscles of respiration.

2. What are the two primary functions of the respiratory system?

A: The two primary functions of the respiratory system are to bring oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide from the body.

3. What are the two main types of respiration?

A: The two main types of respiration are external respiration and internal respiration.

4. How is air moved through the respiratory system?

A: Air is moved through the respiratory system via the process of inhalation and exhalation.

5. What is the purpose of the trachea?

A: The trachea is a tube that carries air from the larynx to the bronchi and lungs. Its purpose is to provide a pathway for air to move in and out of the lungs.

6. What is the purpose of the alveoli?

A: The alveoli are tiny air sacs located in the lungs. Their purpose is to absorb oxygen from the air and transfer it into the bloodstream, and to remove carbon dioxide from the bloodstream and expel it from the body.

7. What are the two major divisions of the respiratory system?

A: The two major divisions of the respiratory system are the conducting zone and the respiratory zone.

8. What is the purpose of the diaphragm?

A: The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle located at the base of the lungs. Its purpose is to contract and relax to help regulate the flow of air into and out of the lungs.

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Respiratory System Quiz

Test your knowledge and insight about respiratory system with these challenging questions.

Problem Answer
What is the primary function of respiratory system? To transport oxygen from the air into the body and to remove carbon dioxide from the body.
What are the main organs of the respiratory system? Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
What are the two main muscles that are responsible for breathing? Diaphragm and intercostal muscles.
Which gas causes most of the oxygen in the blood to bind to hemoglobin? Oxygen or O2.
What part of the brain controls breathing? Medulla Oblongata.
What is the role of the cilia in the respiratory system? To sweep mucus and dirt out of the respiratory system.
What happens to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles during inhalation? The diaphragm contracts and moves downward while the intercostal muscles contract, lifting the rib cage to allow more air into the lungs.
What is the name of the condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the bronchial tubes? Asthma.
What is the purpose of the pleural membranes? To create a lubricated surface for the lungs to expand and contract more easily
What is the name of the structure that prevents food and liquids from entering the trachea during swallowing? Epiglottis.
Problem Answer
What is the primary function of the respiratory system? The primary function of the respiratory system is to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood.
Name the two parts of the respiratory system. The two parts of the respiratory system are the upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract.
Name the three main components of the lower respiratory tract. The three main components of the lower respiratory tract are the trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
Name the two types of respiration. The two types of respiration are external respiration and internal respiration.
What is the purpose of external respiration? The purpose of external respiration is to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood.
What is the purpose of internal respiration? The purpose of internal respiration is to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the cells of the body.
Name the two parts of the upper respiratory tract. The two parts of the upper respiratory tract are the nose and the pharynx.
Name the three major divisions of the pharynx. The three major divisions of the pharynx are the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
Name the two types of cells that make up the walls of the respiratory tract. The two types of cells that make up the walls of the respiratory tract are ciliated cells and goblet cells.
What is the purpose of ciliated cells? The purpose of ciliated cells is to help move mucus and debris out of the respiratory tract.
What is the purpose of goblet cells? The purpose of goblet cells is to produce and secrete mucus.
Name the two types of breathing. The two types of breathing are inhalation and exhalation.
What is the purpose of inhalation? The purpose of inhalation is to bring oxygen-rich air into the lungs.
What is the purpose of exhalation? The purpose of exhalation is to expel carbon dioxide-rich air from the lungs.
Questions Answers
What is the primary function of the respiratory system? To bring oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide
What is the name of the organ responsible for gas exchange? The lungs
What is the term for the process of breathing? Respiration
What is the name of the structure that connects the mouth to the lungs? The trachea
What is the name of the structure that filters out large particles from the air? The nose
What is the name of the muscle that controls breathing? The diaphragm
What is the name of the air sac that is responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide? Alveoli
What is the name of the system that helps to regulate the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood? The respiratory system
What is the name of the process by which oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream? Diffusion
What is the name of the nerve that controls the muscles of respiration? The phrenic nerve
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