Free Printable Worksheets for learning Architecture at the College level

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Architecture: Key Concepts and Definitions

Introduction

Architecture is the art and science of designing and constructing buildings and other physical structures. It involves a combination of technical skills and creative thinking, as well as an understanding of the cultural, social, and environmental contexts in which buildings are constructed. As a college student studying architecture, it is important to understand the key concepts and definitions related to this field.

Key Concepts and Definitions

Building Types

Residential Buildings: homes, apartments, condominiums, and other types of housing
Commercial Buildings: office buildings, stores, hotels, and other types of commercial spaces
Public Buildings: schools, museums, government buildings, and other types of public spaces

Architectural Styles

Classical Architecture: a style inspired by ancient Greek and Roman architecture, characterized by symmetry, proportion, and ornate decoration
Gothic Architecture: a style characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and elaborate stone carvings
Modern Architecture: a style characterized by simplicity, clean lines, and an emphasis on function

Architectural Elements

Columns: vertical structural elements that support the weight of a building
Arches: curved structures that span an opening, often used in doorways or windows
Domes: rounded structures that form the roof of a building
Facade: the front or face of a building, often the most decorative and ornate part

Sustainability in Architecture

Sustainable design: designing buildings that minimize their impact on the environment through energy-efficient technologies and eco-friendly materials
Green roofs: roofs covered in vegetation that help to insulate buildings and absorb rainfall
Passive solar design: using the sun's energy to heat and cool buildings naturally

Conclusion

Architecture is a complex and multifaceted field that requires a range of technical and creative skills. By understanding these key concepts and definitions, you will be better equipped to explore and learn about the world of architecture. Remember, sustainable design is an important aspect of modern architecture, and should be considered in any design project.

Here's some sample Architecture vocabulary lists Sign in to generate your own vocabulary list worksheet.

Word	Definition
Architect	A person who designs buildings, plans their layout, and oversees their construction.
Blueprint	A detailed plan, usually drawn to scale, that outlines the design of a building or structure
Column	A vertical support designed to bear the weight of a building's roof or other structures.
Facade	The main face or front of a building or structure.
Foundation	The substructure or support upon which a building or structure rests.
Gargoyle	A carved stone figure, often with a grotesque appearance, that projects from a building.
Aesthetic	A set of principles or concepts that determine the beauty and overall appearance of a design.
Keystone	A central stone at the summit of an arch that locks the other stones in place.
Ornament	A decorative object or detail used to embellish a design or building.
Parapet	A low protective wall or railing along the edge of a roof, balcony, or terrace.
Pedestal	A base or support upon which a statue, column, or other display object rests.
Portico	A porch or walkway with a roof that is supported by columns or arches.
Roofline	The shape or profile of a roof, including its slope, shape, and material.
Skylight	A window or opening in a roof or ceiling that allows natural light to enter a building.
Soffit	The underside of a roof overhang or eave.
Spire	A tapering, pointed structure that rises from a roof or tower.
Vault	An arch-like structure used to support a ceiling or roof.
Fenestration	The design, arrangement, and proportioning of windows and other openings in buildings.
Fascia	A long, narrow board used to cover the area where the roof meets the outer walls.
Balustrade	A railing supported by balusters, typically found on a staircase, balcony or terrace.

Here's some sample Architecture study guides Sign in to generate your own study guide worksheet.

Architecture Study Guide

Introduction

Architecture is the art and science of designing and building structures. It involves not only the aesthetic and visual aspects but also the technical and functional elements. In this study guide, we'll cover the fundamental concepts of architecture as well as some key historical periods and popular styles.

Key Concepts

Form and function

Form refers to the physical appearance and shape of a structure while function relates to its intended purpose and practical use. Architecture must balance both form and function to create a successful design.

Space

Space in architecture refers to the volume and boundaries within a structure. Understanding how to manipulate space is crucial in creating functional and visually appealing environments.

Scale and proportion

Architects use scale and proportion to create a sense of balance and harmony within a structure. It involves a relationship between the size and shape of individual elements and the overall structure.

Materials

Different materials have different properties and potential uses in architecture. Understanding the characteristics of building materials is important in creating durable and safe structures.

Natural light and artificial light

Light is essential in creating a sense of atmosphere and mood within a building. Architects must consider both natural and artificial lighting in their designs.

Historical Periods

Prehistoric architecture

Prehistoric architecture includes structures built before recorded history. These structures were created using natural materials such as wood and stone and were typically used for living or religious purposes.

Ancient architecture

Ancient architecture includes structures built by early civilizations such as Greeks, Egyptians, and Romans. These structures were heavily influenced by religious beliefs and were often adorned with intricate details.

Medieval architecture

Medieval architecture was characterized by large, imposing structures such as castles and cathedrals. Gothic architecture was particularly popular during this time.

Renaissance architecture

Renaissance architecture was a return to the classical styles of ancient Greece and Rome. Buildings were symmetrical, balanced, and emphasized mathematical order.

Modern architecture

Modern architecture began in the late 19th century and emphasized simplicity, functionality, and new building materials such as steel and glass. Important figures include Frank Lloyd Wright and Le Corbusier.

Styles

Gothic architecture

Gothic architecture is characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses. It was popular in medieval Europe and is still used in some modern structures.

Baroque architecture

Baroque architecture is characterized by intricate details, curves, and grandeur. It was popular in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries.

Art Deco architecture

Art Deco architecture is characterized by bold colors, geometric shapes, and ornamental details. It was popular in the 1920s and 1930s.

Modernist architecture

Modernist architecture is characterized by clean lines, simple forms, and a focus on functionality. It emerged in the early 20th century and is still used in many contemporary buildings.

Conclusion

Architecture is a complex field that encompasses many elements, from form and function to historical periods and styles. Understanding these concepts can help you appreciate the beauty and functionality of buildings as well as inspire you to create your own designs.

Here's some sample Architecture practice sheets Sign in to generate your own practice sheet worksheet.

Architecture Practice Sheet

Instructions: Write your answer to each question in the space provided.

What does the term form refer to in architecture? Answer:
Define the term program in relation to architecture. Answer:
What is the difference between a load-bearing wall and a non-load bearing wall? Answer:
Sketch and label the basic elements of a roof. Answer:
What is the purpose of a foundation in a building? Answer:
Describe the design process for creating a building. Answer:
What is a green roof and what are its benefits? Answer:
Sketch and label a cross-section of a building. Answer:
Give an example of a famous example of Romanesque architecture. Answer:
What is the significance of the Pantheon in Rome? Answer:
What is the difference between a buttress and a pilaster? Answer:
Describe the purpose of a flying buttress in Gothic architecture. Answer:
Sketch and label a floor plan of a house. Answer:
What is the difference between a portico and a porch? Answer:
What is a facade in architecture? Answer:

Good Luck!

Practice Sheet for Architecture

Sample Problem

Design a two-story residential building that incorporates both modern and traditional elements.

Step 1: Brainstorm ideas for the design. Think about how the modern and traditional elements can be combined to create a unique design.

Step 2: Sketch out a few possible designs. Consider the layout of the building, the materials to be used, and the overall aesthetic.

Step 3: Select the best design and refine it. Make sure the design is functional and aesthetically pleasing.

Step 4: Create a detailed plan for the building. Include measurements, materials, and other details.

Step 5: Present the plan to a professional architect for review and approval.

Practice Problem 1

Design a three-story commercial building that incorporates sustainable design elements.

Step 1: Brainstorm ideas for the design. Think about how sustainable elements can be incorporated into the design.

Step 2: Sketch out a few possible designs. Consider the layout of the building, the materials to be used, and the overall aesthetic.

Step 3: Select the best design and refine it. Make sure the design is functional and aesthetically pleasing.

Step 4: Research sustainable design elements and incorporate them into the design. Consider elements such as energy efficiency, water conservation, and materials that are environmentally friendly.

Step 5: Create a detailed plan for the building. Include measurements, materials, and other details.

Step 6: Present the plan to a professional architect for review and approval.

Practice Problem 2

Design a single-story public building that incorporates modern elements.

Step 1: Brainstorm ideas for the design. Think about how modern elements can be incorporated into the design.

Step 2: Sketch out a few possible designs. Consider the layout of the building, the materials to be used, and the overall aesthetic.

Step 3: Select the best design and refine it. Make sure the design is functional and aesthetically pleasing.

Step 4: Research modern design elements and incorporate them into the design. Consider elements such as clean lines, minimalism, and the use of modern materials.

Step 5: Create a detailed plan for the building. Include measurements, materials, and other details.

Step 6: Present the plan to a professional architect for review and approval.

Architecture Practice Sheet

Introduction

Architecture is the art and science of designing and constructing buildings and other physical structures. It is a creative activity that combines practical knowledge with aesthetic design. Architects use a variety of materials, techniques, and technologies to create structures that are both functional and aesthetically pleasing.

Terminology

Form: The overall shape or structure of a building.
Function: The purpose of a building or structure.
Style: The overall visual appearance of a building or structure.
Scale: The size of a building or structure relative to its surroundings.
Material: The material used to construct a building or structure.
Space: The area within a building or structure.
Light: The amount and quality of light in a building or structure.

Questions

What is the difference between form and function in architecture?
How does scale affect the design of a building?
What are the benefits of using different materials in architecture?
What role does light play in the design of a building?
How can space be used to create a unique aesthetic in architecture?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of different architectural styles?

Here's some sample Architecture quizzes Sign in to generate your own quiz worksheet.

Architecture Quiz

Instructions: Write your answer in the space provided after each question.

Problem	Answer
Who designed the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France?	Gustave Eiffel
What is the name of the famous architect who designed the glass pyramid at the entrance of the Louvre Museum in Paris, France?	I.M. Pei
What is the name of the famous skyscraper in New York, designed by William Van Alen in the Art Deco style, that held the title of tallest building in the world for a brief period in the early 1930s?	Chrysler Building
What is the term used for the point of intersection between two barrel vaults?	Groin
What is the name of the Roman architect who wrote the treatise De architectura (On architecture)?	Vitruvius
What is the term used for the downward and outward movement of walls in a pyramidal structure?	Batter
Who is considered the father of modern American architecture?	Louis Sullivan
What is the name of the famous building in India known for its white marble exterior and intricate carvings, commissioned by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal?	Taj Mahal
What is the name of the famous Brazilian architect who designed the futuristic city of Brasília in the late 1950s?	Oscar Niemeyer
What is the term used for the external, ornamental features of a building, especially one in a classical style?	Facade

Question	Answer
What is the definition of Architecture?	Architecture is the art and science of designing and constructing buildings, structures, and other physical environments. It is a creative process that combines form, function, and aesthetics to create a built environment that meets the needs of a particular society.
What is the role of an Architect?	The role of an Architect is to design and construct buildings, structures, and other physical environments. They must have a strong understanding of building codes, materials, and construction techniques, as well as an understanding of aesthetics, design principles, and the history of architecture.
What are the three main elements of design?	The three main elements of design are form, function, and aesthetics. Form is the physical shape or structure of the building, while function is the purpose or use of the building. Aesthetics are the visual qualities of the building, such as color, texture, and scale.
What is the difference between modern and postmodern architecture?	Modern architecture is characterized by simplicity, clean lines, and a focus on function. Postmodern architecture is more eclectic and incorporates elements from a variety of styles, including classical, modern, and vernacular. Postmodern architecture is also more playful and often incorporates elements of humor and irony.
What is the difference between a plan and a section?	A plan is a two-dimensional drawing of a building that shows the layout of the rooms and other features. A section is a three-dimensional drawing of a building that shows the vertical relationships between the different levels of the building.
What is the difference between a façade and a façade system?	A façade is the exterior wall of a building, while a façade system is a combination of components that make up the façade, such as windows, doors, and cladding.
What is the importance of sustainability in architecture?	Sustainability in architecture is important because it helps to reduce the environmental impact of buildings. Sustainable design focuses on creating buildings that are energy efficient, use renewable materials, and reduce waste.
What is the difference between a structure and a system?	A structure is a physical framework that supports a building, while a system is a set of components that work together to achieve a specific goal. Structures are usually made of steel, concrete, or wood, while systems can be mechanical, electrical, or even digital.
What is the role of technology in architecture?	Technology plays an important role in architecture, as it enables architects to create more efficient and sustainable designs. Technology can be used to create 3D models of buildings, simulate energy performance, and optimize construction processes.
What are the different types of architectural drawings?	The different types of architectural drawings are plans, sections, elevations, and details. Plans show the layout of a building, sections show the vertical relationships between different levels, elevations show the exterior of a building, and details show specific components of a building.

Architecture Quiz

Question	Answer
What is the most common type of architectural style in the United States?	Neoclassical
What is the most common type of roof used in residential buildings?	Gable
What is the most common material used to build houses?	Wood
What type of architectural style is characterized by large windows, open floor plans, and natural materials?	Modern
What is the term for a building that is designed to use energy from the sun?	Passive Solar
What is the term for a building that is designed to use energy from the wind?	Wind Turbine
What is the term for a building that is designed to use energy from the ground?	Geothermal
What is the term for a building that is designed to use energy from the water?	Hydropower
What is the term for a building that is designed to generate its own energy?	Net Zero Energy
What is the term for a building that is designed to minimize its environmental impact?	Green Building