Free Printable Worksheets for learning Corrections at the College level

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Corrections

Key Concepts

  • Corrections refers to the punishment or rehabilitation of individuals who have been convicted of a crime.
  • The goal of corrections is to protect society by deterring future criminal activity and rehabilitating offenders.
  • There are four main types of corrections: jails, prisons, probation, and parole.
  • Jails are used to hold individuals who have been arrested and are awaiting trial or sentencing.
  • Prisons are long-term detention facilities for individuals who have been convicted of a crime and are serving a sentence.
  • Probation allows individuals to remain in the community under supervision, rather than being incarcerated.
  • Parole is similar to probation, but is granted after an offender has served a portion of their sentence in prison.

Definitions

  • Rehabilitation: the process of helping an individual change their behavior and attitudes towards crime in order to prevent future criminal activity.
  • Recidivism: the tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend.
  • Restitution: payment made by an offender to their victims to compensate for damages or losses.
  • Community service: unpaid work performed by an offender to benefit the community.

Important Information

  • The United States has one of the highest rates of incarceration in the world.
  • The prison system in the U.S. has been criticized for its high cost, recidivism rates, and disproportionate impact on communities of color and low-income individuals.
  • Alternatives to incarceration, such as diversion programs, drug courts, and restorative justice practices, have been shown to be effective in reducing recidivism and addressing underlying issues that lead to criminal behavior.

Takeaways

  • Corrections aims to punish and/or rehabilitate convicted criminals.
  • Jails hold those awaiting trial, while prisons are for those serving a sentence.
  • Probation and parole provide alternatives to incarceration.
  • Rehabilitation, restitution, community service, and reducing recidivism are key goals in the corrections system.
  • Alternatives to incarceration can improve outcomes and reduce costs.

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Study Guide: Corrections

Introduction

  • Definition of Corrections
  • Goals of Corrections
  • The role of Corrections in the Criminal Justice System

History of Corrections

  • The Penitentiary Model
  • The Reformatory Model
  • The Medical Model
  • The Community Model
  • Current Models of Corrections

Institutional Corrections

  • Jails vs. Prisons
  • Security Levels in Prisons
  • Inmate Classification
  • Types of Prisons
  • Prison Subculture

Community Corrections

  • Probation
  • Parole
  • Electronic Monitoring
  • Day Reporting Centers
  • Halfway Houses

Challenges in Corrections

  • Overcrowding
  • Mental Health Issues
  • Security
  • Rehabilitation Effectiveness
  • Ethical Issues and Accountability

Contemporary Issues in Corrections

  • Private Prisons
  • Use of Technology in Corrections
  • Rehabilitation vs. Punishment Debate
  • Re-entry Programs
  • Mass Incarceration

Conclusion

  • Impact of Corrections on Society
  • Future of Corrections

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Corrections Practice Sheet

  1. What is community corrections? Give an example of a community correction.
  2. What is probation? Explain the difference between probation and parole.
  3. What are the types of prisons? Explain any two types of prisons.
  4. What is recidivism? How is it measured?
  5. Explain the Risks and needs Assessment. Why are they important in corrections?
  6. Compare and contrast the Just deserts model and the Rehabilitation model.
  7. What is Supermax prisons? Explain the controversy surrounding these prisons.
  8. What is Restorative Justice? How can it benefit both the offender and the victim?
  9. What is plea bargaining? Explain its advantages and disadvantages.
  10. What is the death penalty? Explain the arguments for and against it.

Bonus Question: Explain the process of Juvenile corrections.

Practice Sheet on Corrections

Sample Problem

What are the three main goals of corrections?

Step 1: Understand the three main goals of corrections.

Step 2: Research the three main goals of corrections.

Step 3: Analyze the three main goals of corrections.

Step 4: Summarize the three main goals of corrections.

Step 5: Compare and contrast the three main goals of corrections.

Practice Problem 1

What are the differences between probation and parole?

Step 1: Understand the differences between probation and parole.

Step 2: Research the differences between probation and parole.

Step 3: Analyze the differences between probation and parole.

Step 4: Summarize the differences between probation and parole.

Step 5: Compare and contrast the differences between probation and parole.

Practice Problem 2

What are the different types of correctional facilities?

Step 1: Understand the different types of correctional facilities.

Step 2: Research the different types of correctional facilities.

Step 3: Analyze the different types of correctional facilities.

Step 4: Summarize the different types of correctional facilities.

Step 5: Compare and contrast the different types of correctional facilities.

Corrections Practice Sheet

  1. What is the purpose of correctional facilities?
  2. What is the difference between probation and parole?
  3. What are the primary goals of correctional programs?
  4. What are the three main types of correctional sanctions?
  5. What is the purpose of sentencing guidelines?
  6. How do correctional facilities classify inmates?
  7. What are the different types of correctional programs?
  8. How do correctional facilities manage inmate behavior?
  9. What is the purpose of community corrections?
  10. What is the purpose of correctional rehabilitation programs?

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Problem Answer
What is the purpose of punishment in the context of corrections? To deter further criminal behavior by the offender and others in society; to provide retribution and justice for the victim and society; to rehabilitate and reform the offender to prevent future criminal behavior
What are the five goals of correctional facilities? Retribution, deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, and restoration
What is the difference between probation and parole? Probation is a type of sentence given to offenders in lieu of prison time, allowing them to live in the community under supervision; parole is the conditional release of an offender from prison before the end of their sentence, allowing them to serve the remainder of their sentence under supervision in the community
What is the purpose of community-based corrections? To provide an alternative to incarceration for nonviolent offenders that allows them to remain in their communities while serving their sentence; to reduce prison overcrowding and associated costs for taxpayers
What is the difference between indeterminate and determinate sentencing? Indeterminate sentencing allows for a range of time to be served (e.g. 5-10 years), with the actual release date being determined by the offender's behavior and progress in rehabilitation programs; determinate sentencing involves a fixed term (e.g. 10 years) with little discretion for early release
What is evidence-based practice in corrections? Using research to inform decisions about treatment and programming for offenders, with the goal of reducing recidivism and promoting successful reentry into society
What is the relationship between mental health and the criminal justice system? A significant portion of the offender population has mental health issues, which can contribute to criminal behavior; the criminal justice system often serves as a de facto mental health care system
What is the impact of the War on Drugs on the US correctional system? The War on Drugs resulted in stricter sentencing laws for drug offenses, leading to a massive increase in the prison population and associated costs; it also disproportionately affected communities of color
What is the school-to-prison pipeline? A pattern of policies and practices in schools that push students, particularly students of color, out of the classroom and into the criminal justice system
What is restorative justice? A philosophy and approach to justice that emphasizes repairing harm and healing relationships between the offender, victim, and community; it can involve mediation, community service, and other forms of non-punitive accountability
Problem Answer
What is the purpose of corrections? The purpose of corrections is to protect society by providing a range of sanctions and services that hold offenders accountable for their actions, deter future criminal behavior, and promote offender rehabilitation.
What are the three main goals of corrections? The three main goals of corrections are punishment, deterrence, and rehabilitation.
What is the difference between probation and parole? Probation is a court-ordered period of supervision of an offender in the community, while parole is a period of supervised release from prison.
What is the purpose of intermediate sanctions? The purpose of intermediate sanctions is to provide an alternative to imprisonment for offenders who do not present a risk to public safety.
What is the difference between a jail and a prison? A jail is a short-term facility used to hold offenders awaiting trial or serving short sentences, while a prison is a long-term facility used to hold offenders who have been convicted of more serious crimes.
What is the purpose of community corrections? The purpose of community corrections is to provide alternatives to incarceration, such as probation and parole, in order to reduce the number of offenders in prison and to provide more effective supervision of offenders in the community.
What are the four main types of punishment? The four main types of punishment are incarceration, probation, fines, and restitution.
What is the difference between retribution and rehabilitation? Retribution is the idea that offenders should be punished for their crimes, while rehabilitation is the idea that offenders should be provided with the tools and resources needed to become productive members of society.
What is the difference between a prison sentence and a suspended sentence? A prison sentence is a period of incarceration in a correctional facility, while a suspended sentence is a period of probation or parole that is imposed in lieu of a prison sentence.
What is the purpose of restorative justice? The purpose of restorative justice is to repair the harm caused by crime by bringing together victims, offenders, and community members to find solutions that will benefit all parties involved.
Questions Answers
What is the primary purpose of Corrections? The primary purpose of Corrections is to protect the public by providing a safe, secure, and humane environment for persons who have been convicted of a crime.
What are the three main areas of Corrections? The three main areas of Corrections are institutional corrections, community corrections, and intermediate sanctions.
What is the difference between institutional corrections and community corrections? Institutional corrections is the incarceration of offenders in a prison or jail, while community corrections is the supervision of offenders in the community, usually through probation or parole.
What is an intermediate sanction? An intermediate sanction is a form of punishment that falls between probation and incarceration. It is typically used as an alternative to prison for low-level offenders.
What are the goals of Corrections? The goals of Corrections are to protect the public, rehabilitate offenders, and reduce recidivism.
What is the difference between probation and parole? Probation is a court-ordered sentence that allows an offender to remain in the community under supervision, while parole is a release from prison to supervision in the community.
What is a reentry program? A reentry program is a program designed to help offenders transition from incarceration back into the community.
What is the purpose of a halfway house? The purpose of a halfway house is to provide a structured, supervised environment for offenders who are transitioning from prison back into the community.
What is an inmate classification system? An inmate classification system is a system used to assess an offender’s risk level and determine where they should be housed.
What is the purpose of a risk assessment? The purpose of a risk assessment is to evaluate an offender’s risk of reoffending and determine the best course of action.
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