Employment Law Info Sheet
Employment law regulates the relationship between employers and employees. The following key concepts and definitions are important to understand:
At-Will Employment
- Most employment in the U.S. is at-will, which means an employer can terminate an employee at any time for any reason, as long as it is not illegal.
- Illegal reasons for termination include discrimination based on race, gender, religion, age, disability, or sexual orientation.
Minimum Wage
- The federal minimum wage is $7.25 per hour.
- Some states and cities have a higher minimum wage.
Overtime
- Non-exempt employees are entitled to overtime pay (1.5 times their regular rate of pay) for hours worked over 40 in a workweek.
- Exempt employees are not entitled to overtime pay.
Discrimination
- Title VII of the Civil Rights Act prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, and national origin.
- Other laws prohibit discrimination on the basis of age, disability, and other factors.
Sexual Harassment
- Sexual harassment is a form of sex discrimination that violates Title VII of the Civil Rights Act.
- Employer liability for sexual harassment may depend on whether the employer had knowledge of the harassment and failed to take appropriate action.
Family and Medical Leave
- The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) allows eligible employees to take up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave per year for family or medical reasons.
- Employers with 50 or more employees are covered by the FMLA.
Workers’ Compensation
- Workers’ compensation is a system that provides benefits to employees who are injured on the job or suffer from work-related illnesses.
- Employers are required to carry workers’ compensation insurance.
Remember, this is just a quick overview of some of the key concepts and definitions related to employment law. Consult with your instructor, textbook, and other resources for a more in-depth understanding of this subject matter.