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Introduction to Penetration Testing
Penetration Testing (or “pentesting”) is a type of security testing used to identify and exploit vulnerabilities in computer systems, networks, or applications. It is used to assess the security of a system or application, and identify any potential weaknesses or vulnerabilities that could be used by an attacker.
In this practice sheet, you will learn about the basics of penetration testing, and practice some of the techniques used by pentesters.
What is Penetration Testing?
Penetration testing is a type of security testing used to identify and exploit vulnerabilities in computer systems, networks, or applications. It is used to assess the security of a system or application, and identify any potential weaknesses or vulnerabilities that could be used by an attacker.
The goal of a penetration test is to identify and exploit any vulnerabilities in the system, and to provide recommendations on how to address them.
Types of Penetration Tests
There are several different types of penetration tests, each with a different focus and purpose.
Black Box Testing: This type of testing focuses on the external aspects of the system, such as the web application or network. The tester does not have any knowledge of the system or application prior to the test.
White Box Testing: This type of testing focuses on the internal aspects of the system, such as the source code or system architecture. The tester has access to the source code and other internal information prior to the test.
Gray Box Testing: This type of testing is a combination of black box and white box testing. The tester has some knowledge of the system prior to the test, but not all.
Steps of a Penetration Test
A penetration test typically follows the following steps:
Information Gathering: The tester gathers information about the system and application, such as the architecture, source code, and other details.
Vulnerability Scanning: The tester scans the system for any potential vulnerabilities.
Exploitation: The tester attempts to exploit any vulnerabilities that were identified in the scan.
Reporting: The tester documents the findings and provides recommendations on how to address any vulnerabilities that were identified.
Practice Questions
What is the goal of a penetration test?
What are the three types of penetration tests?
What are the steps of a penetration test?
What is the difference between black box and white box testing?
What is the purpose of vulnerability scanning?
What is the difference between a vulnerability and an exploit?
What is a false positive in the context of penetration testing?
What is a false negative in the context of penetration testing?
What is the difference between a vulnerability assessment and a penetration test?
What is the importance of reporting in a penetration test?
