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Introduction to Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their interactions with the body. It is an important part of healthcare, as drugs are used to treat and prevent diseases. In this practice sheet, you will learn the basics of pharmacology and how drugs work in the body.
What is a Drug?
A drug is any substance that affects the body in some way. Drugs can be used to treat, cure, or prevent a disease, or to relieve symptoms. Drugs can also be used to improve performance or reduce pain. Drugs are usually taken orally, injected, or applied topically.
How do Drugs Work?
Drugs work by interacting with the body in various ways. They can affect the body’s cells, hormones, or enzymes. They can also affect the body’s organs and systems, such as the cardiovascular or nervous system.
Types of Drugs
There are many different types of drugs. Some of the most common types of drugs include:
Prescription drugs: These are drugs that can only be obtained with a doctor’s prescription. Examples include antibiotics, pain medications, and birth control.
Over-the-counter drugs: These are drugs that can be bought without a prescription. Examples include cold and flu medications, antacids, and vitamins.
Herbal remedies: These are natural remedies made from plants. Examples include garlic, ginger, and echinacea.
Recreational drugs: These are drugs that are taken for the purpose of getting “high” or altering one’s state of consciousness. Examples include marijuana, cocaine, and ecstasy.
Drug Administration
Drugs can be administered in a variety of ways. The most common methods of drug administration are:
Oral: Drugs are taken by mouth, either in pill or liquid form.
Injection: Drugs are injected directly into the bloodstream.
Intravenous: Drugs are injected directly into a vein.
Topical: Drugs are applied directly to the skin.
Practice Questions
- What is a drug?
- How do drugs work in the body?
- Name three types of drugs.
- What are the most common methods of drug administration?
- What is the difference between a prescription drug and an over-the-counter drug?